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Education System of Phillipines
INSTITUTION TYPES & CREDENTIALS Types of higher education institutions: State Universities and Colleges (SUCs) Local Universities and Colleges (LUCs) - Pamantasan (University) Dalubhasaan (College) CHED-Supervised Institutions (CSIs) Other Government Schools (OGSs) Special Higher Education Institutions (SHEIs) Stock Educational Institution (Private Sectarian or Non-Sectarian/PN or PS) Non-Stock Educational Institution (Private Sectarian or Non-Sectarian/PN or PS) Educational Foundation (Private Sectarian or Non-Sectarian/PN or PS) University System University College Institute School School leaving and higher education credentials: High School Diploma Certificate/Diploma Associate Degree Bachelor's Degree Post Baccalaureate Certificate/Diploma Master's Degree PhD STRUCTURE OF EDUCATION SYSTEM Pre-higher education: Duration of compulsory education: Age of entry: 6 Age of exit: 12 Structure of school system: Primary Type of school providing this education: Primary School Length of program in years: 4 Age level from: 6 to: 10 Intermediate Type of school providing this education: Intermediate School Length of program in years: 2 Age level from: 10 to: 12 Secondary Length of program in years: 4 Age level from: 12 to: 16 Certificate/diploma awarded: High School Diploma School education: Primary education lasts for four years and intermediate education generally lasts for two years. They constitute six years of elementary education (Grades 1 to 6). Pre-school education (nursery, kindergarten, preparatory and others) and 7th grade are optional. Secondary education usually lasts for four years. Compulsory subjects include English, Filipino, Science, Social Studies, Mathematics, Practical Arts, Youth Development Training and Citizens Army training. The cycle culminates in the examinations for the High School Diploma. The National Secondary Aptitude Test is taken at this time. Higher education: Higher education is provided by higher education institutions (HEI) composed of public and private universities and colleges. The state universities and colleges (SUCs) on which charters have been conferred are autonomous. In terms of enrolment, a huge majority of students are in private HEIs. The Commission on Higher Education (CHED) created in 1994 oversees both private and public tertiary schools, the Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA) postsecondary technical and vocational education, while the Department of Education is in charge of basic education (elementary and high school). Main laws/decrees governing higher education: Decree: Education Act Year: 1982 Concerns: All levels of education Decree: Republic Act 7722 Year: 1994 Concerns: Commission on Higher education Decree: Republic Act 7796 Year: 1994 Concerns: Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA) Decree: Republic Act 8292, Higher Education Modernization Act Year: 1997 Concerns: State universities and colleges Academic year: Classes from: Jun to: Mar Languages of instruction: English Stages of studies: Non-university level post-secondary studies (technical/vocational type): Non-university level: Technical/Vocational Education/Post-secondary formal education: It provides skills orientation training and development for a particular occupation or group of middle level occupation. Technical education includes the training of semi-skilled and middle-level manpower needed in agricultural, industrial and service occupations. Vocational education aims at developing the skills, attitudes, work habits, understanding and appreciation, knowledge and information that are needed for employment and entrepreneurship at all levels. University level studies: University level first stage: Bachelor's Degree: A Bachelor's Degree is generally conferred after four years' study. The minimum number of credits required for four-year Bachelor's Degrees ranges from 120 to 190. In some fields, such as Business, Teacher Education, Engineering and Agriculture, one semester's work experience is required. In Pharmacy, some HEIs choose to offer the five-year programme with permission from CHED. An internship is required prior to the board examination in Community Pharmacy, Hospital Pharmacy and Industrial Pharmacy. Medical Technology and Radiology Technology are four-year courses with a one-year internship at the 4th year level in an accredited training centre/hospital. Physical Therapy/Occupational Therapy is a five-year course with a clinical internship at the fifth-year level in an accredited training centre/hospital. Nutrition and Dietetics is a four-year course with supervised field experience in the second semester of the fourth-year level in Hospital, Food Service and Public Health. In Engineering, Architecture and Music the Bachelor's Degree is conferred after five years' study and in Dentistry and Veterinary Medicine after six years. Medicine and other Health-related programmes require one year's internship or clerkship in an accredited training centre/hospital. In Dentistry, there is a two-year preparatory course and a four-year course. The Veterinary Medicine course comprises two clerkships, three internship units and 14 field experience units.The Bachelor of Science in Nursing is obtained after four years' study at a college or university. Related learning experiences start during the second semester of the 1st year level. University level second stage: Post Baccalaureate (Certificate/Diploma); Master's Degree: Certificates and Diplomas are conferred on completion of one or two years of study beyond the Bachelor's Degree. They are not equivalent to a Master's Degree.To be admitted to the Master's Degree, students must have a general average of at least 85 or B or 2 in the undergraduate course. The Master's Degree normally requires a further two years' study (in Architecture five). In Law, students must already have obtained a four-year Bachelor's degree in another subject and secured a Certificate of Eligibility for Law from the institution in which they wish to enrol. The degree often takes eight years to obtain. In Medicine, students must first obtain a Bachelor's degree in another relevant subject before beginning a four-year course in Medicine. University level third stage: PhD: To be admitted to a Doctorate programme, students must have an average of at least 1.75 in the Master's Degree. The PhD requires a further two to three years' study (minimum) following upon the Master's Degree and a dissertation. In Medicine, after having followed a three-year course, students follow a one-year clinical clerkship, a one-year internship and three to five years' residency for specialization. Teacher education: Training of pre-primary and primary/basic school teachers Primary/elementary school teachers must complete the Bachelor's Degree in Elementary Education which lasts for four years. They need to pass the Licensure Examination for Teachers in Elementary Education to qualify for a permanent or regular appointment. Training of secondary school teachers Secondary school teachers must have completed the Bachelor's Degree in Secondary Education with a specialization in high school subjects and major in a specific subject area. They must also pass the Licensure Examination for Teachers in Secondary Education. Training of higher education teachers Higher education teachers must hold at least a Master's Degree earned at a recognized college or university. They may only teach in the field of their specialization. For higher ranks in the tertiary level institutions, they must hold an appropriate Doctoral Degree. NATIONAL BODIES Administration & co-ordination: Responsible authorities: Department of Education (DepEd) Head: Ramon C. Bacani, Officer-in-Chare-Secretary of Education DepEd
Complex, Meralco Avenue Tel: +63(2) 6337208 Fax: +63(2) 6364876 EMail: deped@pacific.net.ph WWW: http://www.deped.gov.ph Role of governing body: Responsible for education at elementary and secondary levels. Determines curricula. Commission on Higher Education (CHED) Head: Carlito S. Puno, Chairman Administrative officer: William C. Medrano, Executive Director International relations: Gilda Quanico, Chief, International Affairs Unit Ground
Floor, Development Academy of the Philippines (DAP) Building Tel: +63(2) 6332713 Fax: +63(2) 6355829 EMail: info@ched.gov.ph WWW: http://www.ched.gov.ph Role of governing body: Promotes quality education; takes steps to ensure that education is accessible to all; ensures academic freedom; sets minimum standards for programmes; monitors and evaluates the performance of programmes and institutions of higher learning. Technical Education and Skills Development Authority - TESDA Head: Augusto L. Syjuco Jr., Director General TESDA
Complex, East Service Road South Super Highway, Taguig Tel: +63(2) 8777777 Fax: +63(2) 8162480 EMail: boboysyjuco@tesda.gov.ph WWW: http://www.tesda.gov.ph Role of governing body: Responsible for post-secondary, middle level manpower training and development. Educational Associations Federation of Accrediting Agencies of the Philippines (FAAP) Head: Feliciana A. Reyes, President Unit 302 Puno
Building Tel: 063(2) 9279645 Role of governing body: Non-stock, non-profit, non-governmental organization that aims to upgrade the quality of education through voluntary accreditation for private HEIs. Accrediting Agency of Chartered Colleges and Universities in the Philippines (AACUP) Head: Rosario P. Pimentel, President Unit 812
Future Point Plaza I Tel: +63(2) 4159016 Fax: +63(2) 4158995 Role of governing body: Non-Stock, non-profit, non-governmental organization that aims to upgrade the quality of education through voluntary accreditation for public HEIs. Philippine Association of Colleges and Universities, Commission on Accreditation (PACUCOA) Head: Feliciana A. Reyes, President Suite 7M
Eagle Star Condominium Tel: +63(2) 4260089 Philippine Accrediting Association of Schools, Colleges and Universities (PAASCU) Head: Ramon C. Reyes, President The Tower
at Emerald Square Tel: +63(2) 9131998/ 9112845 Fax: +63(2) 9110807 Philippine Association of State Universities and Colleges (PASUC) Head: Eldigario D. Gonzales, President Administrative officer: Frederick So. Pada, Executive Director 2nd
Floor, ITC Bldg, EARIST Compound, Valencia Street Tel: +63(2) 7160944 Fax: +63(2) 7160430 Role of governing body: Maintains links with the State Universities and Colleges and the Commission on Higher Education to attain excellence in higher education. Association of Catholic Universities of the Philippines (ACUP) Head: Tamerlane R. Lana, President 2nd Floor
Main Building Tel: +63(2) 7313139/ 7313544 Philippine Association of Colleges and Universities - PACU Head: Teresita V. Quirino, President Unit 601
Richmond Plaza, Ortigas Centre, San Miguel Avenue Tel: +63(2) 6385635 Fax: +63(2) 6376795 Coordinating Council for Private Educational Association (COCOPEA) Head: Juanito M. Acanto, President #89-C 9th
Avenue Tel: +63(2) 9132932 Fax: +63(2) 9115888 Role of governing body: Maintains links with the private higher education institutions and the Commission on Higher Education to attain excellence in higher education. Association of Christian Schools and Colleges (ACSC) Head: Oscar S. Suarez, President #89-C 9th
Avenue Tel: +63(2) 9132932 Fax: +63(2) 9115888 Association of Local Colleges and Universities (ALCU) Head: Benjamin G. Tayabas Pamantasan
ng Lungsod ng Maynila Compound Tel: +63(2) 5281851 Catholic Educational Association of the Philippines (CEAP) Head: Roderick C. Salazar, President #7 Road
16, Bagong Pag-asa Tel: +63(2) 4262670/ 9260521/ 9265137 Fax: +63(2) 4262679/ 4262676 Philippine Association of Private Schools, Colleges and Universities (PAPSCU) Head: Jose Paulo E. Campos, President 10th
Floor Building 7 Tel: +63(2) 5220097 Fax: +63(2) 5233117 Fund Assistance to Private Education (FAPE) Head: Carolina Porio, Executive Director 7th
Floor, Concorde Condominium Tel: +63(2) 8164136/ 8928911/ 8942475 Fax: +63(2) 8180013 ADMISSIONS TO HIGHER EDUCATION Admission to non university higher education studies Name of secondary school credential required: High School Diploma Admission to university-level studies Name of secondary school credential required: High School Diploma Entrance exams required: Students must sit for an Entrance Examination. Other admission requirements: Certificate of good moral character. Foreign students admission Admission requirements: Students must have graduated from a recognized secondary or high school and should apply directly to the higher education institution where they wish to enrol. Entry regulations: Foreign students must be in possession of a visa and a financial guarantee. They must present a copy of the Alien Certificate of Registration. In medicine and dentistry, they must present a Certificate of Eligibility. Health requirements: Health certificate. Language requirements: Students should be proficient in English or Filipino. Special language and other preparatory courses are organized by some universities either before or during regular studies. Recognition of studies & qualifications: Studies pursued in home country (System of recognition/accreditation): The accreditation system is currently under revision. At the moment, it consists in four phases as follows: Level I (applicant) - refers to programmes which have at least undergone a preliminary survey visit and are certified by the FAAP for private and AACUP for public HEIs; Level II (accredited status) - refers to programmes which have at least been granted initial accredited status by any of the member agencies of the FAAP and AACUP, whose status is certified by the latter; Level III (accredited status) - refers to programmes which have been re-accredited and which have met the additional criteria or guidelines set by FAAP and AACUP, whose status is certified by the latter.Level IV - institutions which have distinguished themselves in a broad area of academic disciplines and enjoy prestige and authority comparable to that of international universities. The CHED issues "Special Order" for students graduated from private HEIs, which are not identified as Deregulated and Autonomous Status. A "Special Order" is the authority granted to a private HEIs to graduate student from a specific course on a certain date provided he has satisfied the requirements. It is required for the graduation of students from the formal tertiary levels in private schools. The Expanded Tertiary Education Equivalency and Accreditation Programme (ETEEAP) is a certification mechanism for non-school based learning that is integrated into the country's educational system. This programme is a comprehensive education assessment scheme at the tertiary level which recognizes, accredits and gives equivalency o the knowledge, skills, attitudes and values gained by individuals from relevant work experiences, high-level non-formal training and informal experiences parallel to those obtaines through the formal system, through modalities. Foreign students credentials are assessed by the HEI where the student wishes to study. References to further information on foreign student admissions and recognition of studies Title: Handbook on Diplomas, Degrees and other Certificates in Higher Education in Asia and the Pacific Publisher: UNESCO PROAP Year of publication: 1998 Title: Primer on the Admission and Stay of Foreign Students Publisher: Department of Education STUDENT LIFE Main student services at national level Office of Student Services, Commission on Higher Education 3rd Floor, National
Engineering Center Building Tel: +63(2) 434 3657/ 920 5301 extension 5104 Fax: +63(2) 434 3654 Category of services provided: Special services/Centre for foreign students Student expenses and financial aid Publications on student services and financial aid: Title: Study Abroad 2004-2005, 32nd Edition Author: UNESCO Year of publication: 2003 GRADING SYSTEM Usual grading system in secondary school Full Description: Marking system may varies according to the institution. Main grading system used by higher education institutions Full Description: 1-5: 1 excellent; 1.25, 1.5, 1.75 very good; 2.0, 2.5 good; 3.0 fair; 4.0 conditional fail; 5.0 fail (some institutions' grading system use the reverse one like 5 excellent and 1 fail). A excellent; A- very good; B+ good/above average; B- passed; C conditional failure; F failure; W withdrawn; UW unauthorized withdrawal; INC incomplete; NC no credit; DRP dropped. Other main grading systems A-D; A-F; 0%-100% NOTES ON HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM Data for academic year: 2005-2006 Source: IAU from Commission on Higher Education (CHED), 2006 Note on Higher Education Institutions: Also Philippine Military Academy, Philippine National Police Academy and National Defence College, Bible Colleges and Seminaries.
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