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Education System of Brazil
INSTITUTION TYPES & CREDENTIALS Types of higher education institutions: Universidades (University) Universidades Especializadas Centros Universitários CEFETs/CETs Faculdades Integradas Faculdades Isoladas Institutos Superiores de Educação School leaving and higher education credentials: Certificado de Auxiliar Técnico Certificado de Ensino Médio Diploma de Técnico de Nivel Medio Diploma de Técnico de Segundo Grau Vestibular Tecnólogo Bacharelado Licenciatura Título Profissional Especialização/Aperfeiçoamento Mestrado Doutorado STRUCTURE OF EDUCATION SYSTEM Pre-higher education: Duration of compulsory education: Age of entry: 7 Age of exit: 14 Structure of school system: Pre-Primary Type of school providing this education: Day-care centres/pre-elementary schools Age level from: 2 to: 6 Basic Type of school providing this education: Ensiño Fundamental (Primary and lower secondary) Length of program in years: 8 Age level from: 7 to: 14 Certificate/diploma awarded: Certificado de Conclusão de Ensiño Fundamental Upper Secondary Type of school providing this education: Ensiño Médio Length of program in years: 3 Age level from: 15 to: 17 Certificate/diploma awarded: Certificado de Ensiño Médio Vocational Type of school providing this education: Educação Profissional Certificate/diploma awarded: Diploma de Técnico de Nivel Médio; Diploma de Técnico de Segundo Grau; Certificado de Auxiliar Técnico School education: Primary education lasts for eight years, is compulsory and leads to the Certificado de Conclusão de Ensiño Fundamental (a programme to extend primary education from 8 to nine years is at present underway in Brazil). Secondary education covers from grades 9 to 11. Pupils may also take a course ranging from three to five years in a variety of technical and vocational fields leading to the qualification of Certificado de Auxiliar Técnico (Assistant Technician), Diploma de Técnico de Nivel Médio (Technician) or Diploma de Técnico de Segundo Grau (second level Technician). Holders of these qualifications may take the university entrance examination. Training programmes have also been established in basic vocational training (Habilitação Básica) leading to a Certificado de Habilitação Básica. Higher education: Higher education is provided in public federal, state, municipal or confessional and private universities and other higher education institutions, foundations, federations and independent establishments. It is organized at two levels: undergraduate programmes which take usually from 4 to 6 years of study and graduate programmes lasting 2 to 6 years. The Ministry is conducting a consultation on a possible reform of the higher education system in Brazil. Main laws/decrees governing higher education: Decree: Federal Law 10172 (Plan Nacional de Educação) Year: 2001 Decree: Federal Law No 9394 (Lei de Diretrizes e Bases de Educação) Year: 1996 Languages of instruction: Portuguese Stages of studies: Non-university level post-secondary studies (technical/vocational type): Non-university level: Vocational higher education is provided by public and private institutions. Institutions such as the Centros Federais de Educação Técnologica (CEFET-Federal Centres for Technological Education), the Centros de Educação Técnologica (CET), the Escolas técnicas, the SENAI (in industrial fields), the SENAC (in trade fields) and the SENAC (in agricultural fields) offer vocational courses. University level studies: University level first stage: Bacharelado, Licenciatura: The first stage of higher education leads to the award of a Bacharelado which is usually obtained after four to six years of study, depending on the institution and the field of study (Odontology and Agriculture, four years; Architecture and Law, five years; Medicine, six years). The Licenciatura is generally awarded after four years' study to students who wish to become school teachers. University level second stage: Mestrado: The second stage, which is the first stage of postgraduate study, leads to the Mestrado, awarded upon completion of a minimum of one year's study following the Bacharelado or Licenciatura to students who have followed a certain number of courses, passed examinations and submitted a thesis. University level third stage: Doutorado: The third stage of higher education leads to the award of the Doutorado, the highest degree. The requirements for this degree are identical to those for the Mestrado. The Doutorado normally requires three to four years' further study. Teacher education: Training of pre-primary and primary/basic school teachers Primary school teachers for grades 1 to 4 are trained in three- year secondary level training institutions. To teach up to the eighth grade, they must complete a three-year course at university level leading to the Licenciatura. Training of secondary school teachers The training of secondary school teachers takes place in the universities. The degree needed is the Licenciatura. Training of higher education teachers Higher education teachers are trained at the Bacharel (Auxiliar de Ensiño), Mestrado (Professor Assistente) and Doutorado ( Professor Adjunto) levels. NATIONAL BODIES Administration & co-ordination: Responsible authorities: Ministério da Educação (Ministry of Education) Head: Tarso Genro, Minister Esplanada
dos Ministérios Tel: +55(61) 2104 8484 Fax: +55(61) 2104 9198 WWW: http://portal.mec.gov.br/ Role of governing body: Administration of Higher Education in the country SESU - Secretaria de Educação Superior Head: Nelson Maculan, Secretário de Educação Superior Esplanada
dos Ministérios -Bloco L Tel: +55(61) 2104 8012 Fax: +55(61) 2104 9222 EMail: sesu@mec.gov.br WWW: http://portal.mec.gov.br/sesu/ CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior Head: Jorge Almeida Guimarães, President Caixa
Postal 365 Tel: +61 2104 8873/ 2104 8801 Fax: +61 321 3463 EMail: pr@capes.gov.brpr@capes.gov.br WWW: http://www.capes.gov.br CRUB - Conselho de Reitores das Universidades Brasileiras (Council of Brazilian University Rectors) Head: Manassés Claudino Fonteles, President Administrative officer: Maria Helena Alves Garcia, Secretary-General SEP/NORTE Tel: +55(61) 349 9010 Fax: +55(61) 274 4621 EMail: crub@crub.org.br WWW: http://www.crub.org.br ADMISSIONS TO HIGHER EDUCATION Admission to non university higher education studies Name of secondary school credential required: Diploma de Técnico de Segundo Grau Name of secondary school credential required: Certificado de Auxiliar Técnico Name of secondary school credential required: Diploma de Técnico de Nivel Medio Entrance exams required: Prova de Suficiencia for SENAI and SENAC. Admission to university-level studies Name of secondary school credential required: Certificado de Auxiliar Técnico Name of secondary school credential required: Diploma de Técnico de Segundo Grau Name of secondary school credential required: Certificado de Ensino Médio Minimum score/requirement: 3 in Portuguese, 3 in another discipline and above 1 in all the others For entry to: All courses Name of secondary school credential required: Diploma de Técnico de Nivel Medio Entrance exams required: Concurso Vestibular with 3 as minimum mark in Portuguese, 3 in another discipline and over 1 in all the others . Numerus clausus/restrictions: Yes. Other admission requirements: Good knowledge of Portuguese. Foreign students admission Admission requirements: Foreign students must hold a secondary-school-leaving certificate that is recognized by the Ministry of Education and pass an examination (Concurso Vestibular) comprising papers in Portuguese language and Brazilian History and Geography. Students from Latin American and African countries which have signed cultural agreements with Brazil are exempted from this examination and from paying tuition fees. Language requirements: Foreign students must have a good command of Portuguese. Application procedures: Apply to individual institution for entry to: Postgraduate Studies: Pro-Rectorships for Graduate Studies and Research. Apply to national body for entry to: Undergraduate Studies Apply to: Ministry of Foreign Affairs and/or Ministry Education MEC - Esplanada dos
Ministerios Tel: +55(61) 225 6515 Fax: +55(61) 224 3618 WWW: http://www.mec.gov.br Recognition of studies & qualifications: Studies pursued in home country (System of recognition/accreditation): Quality assessment for undergraduate courses is carried out regularly by the institutions and annually by the Ministry of Education. For graduate courses, the evaluation is carried out by the CAPES (Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior). Studies pursued in foreign countries (bodies dealing with recognition of foreign credentials): Office of Recognition of Foreign Studies, Ministry of Education (Ministério de Educação (MEC)) Esplanada dos
Ministérios, Bloco L Tel: +55(61) 225 6032 Fax: +55(61) 224 8920 WWW: http://www.mec.gov.br Services provided & students dealt with: Foreign students are entitled to all the facilities available to Brazilian students: scholarships, loans (for accommodation, transport, meals, books and documentation) and assistance with the payment of study fees Special provisions for recognition: For access to non-university post-secondary studies: Access to a higher technical/vocational institution is based on secondary school certification and the passing of examinations in each institution. For access to university level studies: Access to university-level studies is based on secondary school certification and the passing of examination in each unity of institution. For access to advanced studies and research: Graduate study diploma. For the exercise of a profession: Professional diploma. Multilateral agreements concerning recognition of foreign studies Name of agreement: Convention on the Recognition of Studies, Diplomas and Degrees in Latin America and the Caribbean. Year of signature: 1974 Name of agreement: Prot. de Integ. Educ. sobre Reconhecimento de Titulos Univers. para o Prosseguimento de Estudos de Pos Grad. entre Universidad. dos Paises da Am.Latina e Caribe Year of signature: 1991 STUDENT LIFE National student associations and unions União Nacional de Estudantes (UNE) Rua do Catete, 243 Tel: +55(21) 205 2305 WWW: http://www.une.org.br/home/ Health/social provisions Social security for home students: No Social security for foreign students: No Foreign student social security provisions: There is a national system for all citizens, which is therefore available to home students. There are also several paying private systems. Special student travel fares: By road: No By rail: No By air: No Available to foreign students: No Student expenses and financial aid Type of financial aid available: Scholarships/grants/fellowships: Higher vocational/technical studies: Home: Yes Foreign: Yes First Degree studies: Home: No Foreign: No Advanced/doctoral studies: Home: Yes Foreign: Yes Loans: Higher vocational/technical studies: Home: No Foreign: No First degree studies: Home: No Foreign: No Advanced/doctoral studies: Home: No Foreign: No Bodies providing information on student financial aid: MEC Esplanada dos
Ministerios Tel: +55(61) 225 6032 Fax: +55(61) 224 8920 WWW: http://www.mec.gov.br Deals with: Grants Publications on student services and financial aid: Title: Study Abroad 2004-2005, 32nd Edition Publisher: UNESCO Year of publication: 2003 INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION & EXCHANGES Principal national bodies responsible for dealing with international cooperation and exchanges in higher education: International Relations, Ministry of Education Esplanada dos
Ministerios - Bloco L Tel: +55(61) 410 8444 Fax: +55(61) 410 9233 WWW: http://www.mec.gov.br GRADING SYSTEM Usual grading system in secondary school Full Description: 10-0: 9-10: superior superior; 7-8: media superior; 5-6: media media; 364: media inferior; 1-2: inferior inferior; 0: sin rendimento. Highest on scale: 10 Pass/fail level: 5 Lowest on scale: 0 Main grading system used by higher education institutions Full Description: Different grading systems are used. Generally, a 10-0 grading system is used for course and research work. Some degrees require a final exam, such as in Medicine, Engineering and Law. NOTES ON HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM Data for academic year: 2004-2005 Source: University of São Paulo, 2001, updated from International Comparisons CD-ROM and the Ministry of Education website, 2004
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